Rethinking Public Relations ContentsForewordxPrefacexiiAcknowledgementsxivNote on the textxv1 A great Niagara of PR1Context 2Overview 52 PR from top to bottom15The public relations of public relations 18Advantages for funders and producers 21Comparisons with advertising and journalism 22Summary 253 A future with PR27PR and civic pluralism 29PR and commercial pluralism 31PR, neo-liberalism and promotional culture 32PR and its most influential client - business 34The PR ‘voice’ and issues management 36Summary 394 PR and propaganda41The US experience 41Bernays and Ivy Lee 46Habermas and other critics 49The Grunigian paradigm 53PR intentions versus public compliance 55Summary 57viiiContents5 PR propaganda in the UK58Early PR in the UK 60A UK context 65PR as propaganda 67Summary 726 Can PR and democracy co-exist? 73PR and democracy in neutral co-existence 75PR propaganda and democracy in beneficial co-existence 78A normative theory of equalising PR resources 79PR and civil society 83Public relations and the souring of pluralism 84Summary 867 Is PR damaging democracy? 88Power and PR 92Neutralising negative effects of PR on democracy 96Summary 998 Ethics, social responsibility, stakeholders101Ethics in PR practice 103Social responsibility 106PR as the ‘voice’ of CSR 109Stakeholders 111Developing PR stakeholder theory 113Summary 1159 Politics, corporate PR, campaigning117Politics and government 119Political news ma